- Update
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- Format
- 3 files (PDF report, 2 Excel files)
- Pages
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57 (Report only)
- Delivery
- Immediate by e-mail
- GENERAL OVERVIEW
- ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
- ENERGY COMPANIES
- ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
- ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
- ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
- STATISTICS
- ABBREVIATIONS
- GLOSSARY
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Overview
Tanzania is advancing its energy transition with ambitious targets to expand renewable energy, enhance efficiency, and achieve universal electricity access by 2030. Governed by robust policies and regulatory bodies, the sector prioritises gas, hydropower, and off-grid solutions while fostering private investment and regional interconnections.
Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.
Highlights
- The country aims to double the share of renewables in its energy mix and to decrease its energy intensity by 2.6%/year by 2030.
- Tanesco, a state-owned utility, accounts for around 82% of the power supply.
- Equinor and Shell hold significant offshore gas reserves.
- Power generation increased by 11% in 2025, after growing by 6%/year from 2014 to 2024. It is dominated by gas (55%). A 2.1 GW hydropower plant was fully commissioned in 2025.
- Gas and coal production remains low; the country imports its entire consumption of oil products.
- Biomass is supplying 75% of the final energy consumption, with a decreasing share (-14 pp since 2010).
- Diesel price has increased by around 30% since 2020, while gasoline price remained relatively stable.
- The last Power System Master Plan foresees an increase of 7%/year in the power capacity by 2050 to around 20 GW.
Energy & Climate Policy Framework
The Ministry of Energy (MoE) is in charge of the country's energy policy and development, in particular through the Electricity & Renewable Energy Division and the Petroleum & Gas Division, which was created in 2017 from the partition of the Ministry of Energy and Minerals.
Energy Companies
Electricity:
Tanesco is the leading power generator, with 94% of the total capacity,, i.e. roughly 3.8 GW. This step-change reflects the full commissioning of the 2.1 GW Julius Nyerere Hydropower Plant (JNHPP) in March 2025, the largest power station in East Africa.
Energy Supply & Demand
Oil:
After the last refinery ceased its operations in 1999, Tanzania became completely dependent on imports for its supply of oil products. The consumption of refined petroleum products increased rapidly at an average of 7%/year since 2010, reaching 4.4 Mt in 2025. Two thirds of oil demand was for transport, while industry and buildings absorb around 15% each.
Energy Use and Price by Sector
Energy Prices in Transport:
In 2025, the price of diesel averaged US$1.11/l (+29% compared to 2020), while the price of gasoline also decreased by 4% to US$0.45/l in the context of a depreciating Tanzanian shilling. Motor fuel prices follow global trends and are set monthly by the EWURA.In March 2022, the government scrapped a TZS100/l (US$4.3c/l) surcharge on gasoline, diesel, and kerosene, imposed in July 2021.
Issues & Prospects
Electricity:
The Power System Master Plan 2024 (PSMP 2024 Update) forecasts a total capacity of around 20 GW in 2050, up from 4.2 GW in 2025, with the following capacity mix: 43% of non-renewables, 57% of renewables (including 52% of non-hydro renewables).
- Graph 1: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
- Graph 2: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2025)
- Graph 3: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
- Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2025)
- Graph 5: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
- Graph 6: Power Generation by Source (2025)
- Graph 7: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
- Graph 8: Gas Production & Consumption
- Graph 9: Coal Production & Consumption
- Graph 10: Emissions of GHG and CO2 from Fuel Combustion
- Graph 11: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
- Graph 12: Final Consumption by Sector
- Graph 13: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2025)
- Graph 14: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
- Graph 15: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
- Graph 16: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
- Graph 17: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
- Graph 18: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
- Graph 19: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
- Graph 20: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
- Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
- Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
- Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
- Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
The Tanzania energy market data since 1990 and up to
is included in the Excel file accompanying the Tanzania country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.
Key Data included in the excelsheet:
- Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
- Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
- Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
- Energy Balance: total and per energy.
- Tanzania Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Tanzania energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).