Romania energy report

• Romania targets around 31% of renewables in its final energy consumption in 2030.
• Most power generation is 100% state-owned.
• Romgaz and OMV Petrom account for more than 90% of the gas production and dominate the wholesale market.
• Production covers 76% of the gas consumption and around 94% of lignite consumption (2021).
• Wind and solar capacities have barely increased since 2015.
• Energy prices remain below the EU averages, despite significant increases in recent years.
• Total energy consumption increased by 5% in 2021.
• The energy intensity is decreasing rapidly (twice the EU pace).
• The country is counting on new oil and gas fields as well as new power and gas interconnections to improve its supply.
• A new nuclear unit could be commissioned in Cernavoda in 2031.

• Institutions & Energy Policy

  The energy sector falls under the responsibility of the Ministry of Energy.

  ANRE, the Romanian National Energy Regulatory Authority, regulates the electricity and gas sectors. Since 2010, it is also in charge of energy efficiency policies.

• Energy Companies

  Gas:

  According to Transgaz, gas consumption should increase by 1%/year between 2020 and 2030. Production should increase by 11%/year between 2021 and 2025 thanks to new gas projects coming on stream in the Black Sea, but should decline afterwards (-4.7%/year until 2030).

• Energy Supply

  Resources:

  Energy resources are rather abundant. Natural gas reserves are declining (from nearly 390 bcm in 1990 to 77 bcm in 2021). Oil reserves amount to 82 Mt. The country's hydroelectric potential is also substantial (estimated at 70 TWh). Lignite proved reserves are also significant, at 280 Mt.

• Energy Prices

  Gas:

  The price-cap on power and gas was extended until March 2023. Households consuming up to 1,200 m³ of gas will pay RON 0.31/kWh (€6.3c/kWh).

  Residential gas prices declined by 4.5%/year between 2007 and 2012, before recovering until 2019 (+3.2%/year) and dipping again in 2020 by 4.6% to €3.2c/kWh. In 2021 prices rose again to €3.9c/kWh (+23%).

• Energy Consumption

  Energy consumption per capita is about 1.8 toe (2021), which is 36% below the EU average, and electricity consumption amounts to 2 620 kWh/cap (51% below the EU average).

  Total energy consumption increased by 5% in 2021 reaching 34 Mtoe. It has decreased by 2%/year between 2018 and 2020 after a progression over 2014- 2018 (1.5%/year).

• Issues & Prospects

  To boost its production, the country is increasingly opening up to foreign companies. Romania is a net energy importer (net imports covered 32% of its total consumption in 2021) and the Government aims to reverse that dependence.

• GENERAL OVERVIEW
• INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
• ENERGY COMPANIES
• ENERGY SUPPLY
• ENERGY PRICES
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION
• ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
• DATA TABLES
• ABBREVIATIONS
• GLOSSARY

Download the Table of Contents

Below is a list of the Romania energy market report graphs:

• GRAPH 1: CO₂-energy emissions (MtCO₂)
• GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
• GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2021, %)
• GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
• GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
• GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
• GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
• GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2021, %)
• GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
• GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2021 %)
• GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
• GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)
• GRAPH 17: Lignite consumption (Mt)
• GRAPH 18: Lignite consumption breakdown by sector (2021, %)

In the Romania energy market report you will find the following tables:

• Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO₂ emissions.
• Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
• Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
• Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
• Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator.

The Romania country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

• Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
• Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
• CO₂: Total CO₂ emissions.
• Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
• Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO₂ emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.