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3 files (PDF report, 2 Excel files)
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32 (Report only)
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Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive Lao energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • Lao's objective to reach 30% of renewables in the total energy consumption by 2025 will not be met.
  • The country aims to reduce its GHG emissions by 60% in 2030 compared to a BAU scenario.
  • Most of the capacity is operated by IPP (85%).
  • EDL-T, a JV between China Southern Power Grid and EDL, the national power company, operates the power transmission network.
  • The power mix is dominated by hydro (83% in 2022), followed by lignite (16%).
  • Power generation has nearly tripled since 2015. Almost 80% of the electricity produced is exported.
  • Gasoline and diesel prices are slightly higher than in neighbouring countries.
  • Electricity prices are much lower than in Thailand (by a factor of 4 for households).
  • Lignite is the main energy source in the energy mix (69% in 2022).
  • Low electricity prices have allowed power consumption to increase 3-fold since 2010.
  • The electrification rate has increased by 24 points since 2010 to 95% now.
  • The country planned to add 1.8 GW of capacity over 2021-2025; however, only 0.8 GW had been built until 2023.
  • Around 6 GW of hydropower projects are under construction and 11 GW are planned.
-60%
GHG emission reduction for 2030 (compared to BAU)
71%
share of hydro in the power mix in 2022
179GW
wind technical potential identified; VS 0 project installed in 2024

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    The Ministry of Energy and Mines (MEM) is responsible for the energy sector and operates primarily through five departments: the Department of Energy Policy and Planning (DEPP); the Department of Energy Business (DEB) which is in charge of private sector investments in the power sector; the Department of Energy Management (DEM), which is in charge of drafting energy-related laws, regulations, g

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    Electricité de Laos (EDL) is the national public power company. It is vertically integrated, and involved in the production, transport, distribution, and export of electricity.

  • Energy Supply

    Resources:

    Lao PDR has no proven oil and gas reserves. The main sources of energy and economic wealth are hydroelectricity and the forest. The gross theoretical hydroelectric resource potential is estimated at about 232.5 TWh and the wind technical potential at 223 TWh (up to 179 GW).

  • Energy Prices

    Oil:

    The price of gasoline and diesel is relatively high and is following international prices: US$1.57/l and US$1.1/l, respectively, in 2023. Prices for gasoline and diesel increased by 60% and 29%, between 2020 and 2022 and stabilised in 2023. Such increases are due to an ongoing depreciation of the Laotian kip, as well as the increase in international prices.

  • Energy Consumption

    Energy consumption is relatively low at 1.1 toe/capita (vs around 2.1 toe/capita in Thailand), including around 970 kWh of electricity (2022, i.e. a 2.5x increase compared to 2010).

    Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

  • Issues & Prospects

    Electricity:

    In 2021, the Ministry of Energy and Mines unveiled a plan to diversify its power mix by developing solar, wind, and coal-fired power plants. The country, which is heavily reliant on hydropower, experiences power shortages during dry seasons and has to import electricity.

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2022, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2022, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (US$/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (US$c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 8: Total consumption market share by energy (2022, %)
  • GRAPH 9: Final consumption market share by sector (2022, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator.

The Lao energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Lao country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Lao Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Lao energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).