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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
70 (Report only)
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Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

Japan’s energy and climate strategy centres on achieving a 73% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2040, with a power mix targeting 60–72% carbon-free sources, including 40–50% renewables. Governed by METI, the policy prioritises nuclear revival, offshore wind expansion, hydrogen investment, and market liberalisation while phasing out inefficient coal plants.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • For 2040, Japan targets a 73% reduction in GHG emissions and a share of CO2-free sources in the power mix reaching 60-72% (40-50% for renewables).
  • JERA is the largest power producer along ten vertically integrated private companies, which account for around half of the total capacity.
  • ENEOS is the largest oil company, accounting for 44% of gasoline sales.
  • Japan ranks second in the world for LNG imports, third for coal imports and fourth for solar PV capacity.
  • Renewables made up 28.5% of the power mix (+15 points since 2010).
  • Final energy consumption has been decreasing regularly since 2010 (around 2%/year).
  • Gas and electricity subsidies will be extended until September 2026, and gasoline subsidies indefinitely.
  • With ambitious objectives regarding GHG emissions, Japan will extensively reinforce its nuclear capacity and develop offshore wind.
-73%
GHG emissions reduction in 2040 compared to 2013
~70%
share of CO2-free sources in the power mix in 2040
-2.6%
annual decrease in energy intensity since 2010

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    METI, the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, oversees the energy sector through ANRE, Agency for Natural Resources and Energy. ANRE has three departments: the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Department, the Natural Resources and Fuel Department, and the Electricity and Gas Industry Department.

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    JERA (50% TEPCO, 50% Chubu) is the largest power producer with a capacity of 59 GW in Japan (15% of the total) and 14 GW overseas in FY2024. JERA has announced its plan to invest 70% of its budget for the next seven years on renewables and LNG power projects, as well as hydrogen and ammonia.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Oil:

    Japan is the world's sixth largest oil importer. Crude oil imports decreased by 7% in 2024. They have been relatively stable over 2020-2023 (124 Mt average), 15% below their 2019 level.

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Industry:

    Electricity prices for industry decreased by 13% in 2024 to 14.4 c/kWh, after a 4% rise in 2023.

  • Issues & Prospects

    In the EnerBlue scenario, Enerdata foresees the share of oil to account for 19% of the primary energy consumption by 2040, while the share of natural gas would be around 14%, the share of nuclear 14%, and the share of coal around 5%. The remainder (24%) would be covered by renewables and biomass.

  • Graph 1: Final Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
  • Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2024)
  • Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
  • Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
  • Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 11: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 12: Emissions of GHG and CO2 from Fuel Combustion
  • Graph 13: CO2-Emissions per Capita
  • Graph 14: CO2 Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 15: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 16: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
  • Graph 17: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
  • Graph 18: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 19: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 20: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 21: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 22: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 23: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 24: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Japan energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Japan country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Japan Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Japan energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Japan country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.