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France energy report

France energy report
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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
48 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive France energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • The country targets a share of 41% of renewable in the final energy consumption.
  • France is halfway to its target of halving GHG emissions in 2030 compared to 1990 levels.
  • The government took full ownership of EDF in 2023.
  • EDF and Engie remain the dominant players on the power and gas markets (60% of power sales for EDF and 40% of gas sales for Engie).
  • Power production rebounded by 11%, after a 14% fall in 2022 due to the unavailability of several nuclear units.
  • 1 GW of offshore wind was commissioned in 2024.
  • The share of LNG in gas imports reached 60% in 2023.
  • Electricity prices have more than doubled for industry since 2020, while they have only increased by 25% for households, thanks to tariff caps and tax cuts.
  • Energy prices in France remain lower than the EU average.
  • The share of nuclear in the energy mix rebounded by 6 points in 2023 to 42%.
  • The final energy consumption at normal climate has decreased by 3%/year since 2021.
  • Wind and solar capacities are expected to double by 2028.
  • Five interconnection projects totalling 6.5 GW are under development.
92%
share of CO2-free sources in the power mix (2023)
x 2.5
electricity prices for industry since 2020
-26%
GHG emissions since 1990

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    The General Directorate for Energy and Climate (DGEC) of the Ministry for Energy Transition (MET) is responsible for the development and implementation of France's energy policy.

    The Energy Regulation Commission (CRE) regulates the electricity and gas markets.

  • Energy Supply

    Gas:

    All gas is imported since the Lacq field stopped production in 2013.

    In 2023, imports declined by 16% to 46 bcm (including 27 bcm of LNG), following a 22% increase in 2022. The share of LNG in gas imports reached almost 60% in 2022 and 2023, compared to 35% in 2021.

  • Energy Prices

    Gas:

    Gas prices for industry fell by 9% in 2023 to €6.08c/kWh GCV, after rising by 65% in 2021 and by 91% in 2023, while gas prices for households grew by 23%/year since 2022 to €11.2c/kWh GCV. Taxes account for 3% of industrial prices and 24% of residential prices in 2023, compared to, respectively, 13% and 29% in 2020.

  • Energy Consumption

    Consumption per capita stood at 3.1 toe in 2023 and is around 12% above the EU average. Electricity consumption per capita is 13% higher than the EU average due to the high penetration of electric heating (6 000 kWh in 2023).

    Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

  • Issues & Prospects

    According to the revised PPE (2020), total energy consumption of fossil fuels in the reference case is planned to decrease by 35% by 2030, compared to 2012, with a reduction in consumption of 80% for coal, 34% for oil, and 22% for gas. Final energy consumption is planned to shrink by 16.5% in 2028 (relative to 2012).

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: Installed electric capacity by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
  • GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
  • GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
  • GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator, gas plant projects by status and operator and LNG contracts.

The France energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the France country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • France Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the France energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The France country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.