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European Union energy report

European Union energy report
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Format
2 files (PDF report, Excel file)
Pages
60 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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After validation, you will immediately receive 2 files by email (one pdf report and one excel file containing the datasets).

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1 490 €

Overview

The EU has implemented a comprehensive energy and climate policy framework to accelerate decarbonisation, enhance security of supply, and reduce dependency on Russian fossil fuels. Key measures include the REPowerEU Plan, which promotes energy savings, clean energy expansion, and supply diversification, alongside reforms in electricity market design to stabilise prices and protect consumers. Stricter targets for renewables, energy efficiency, and greenhouse gas reductions—supported by funding mechanisms like the Innovation Fund and European Hydrogen Bank—aim to drive investment in low-carbon technologies. Recent policies also address industrial decarbonisation, hydrogen infrastructure, and phasedowns of fossil fuel imports, reinforcing the bloc’s transition toward climate neutrality by 2050.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • The share of renewables in final energy consumption should increase from 23% in 2022 to42.5-45% in 2030.
  • GHG emissions in the ETS sectors should be cut by 62% by 2030.
  • All new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles should have zero-emission by 2035.
  • The EU commissioned 50 GW/year of solar capacity in 2023 and 2024.
  • CO2-free sources covered 66% of the power mix in 2024, 43% of which are renewables.
  • Energy-related CO2 emissions have been cut to 36% below their 1990 level.
  • Final energy consumption increased slightly in 2024 (+0.7%), after two years of decline.
  • Gas and oil consumption stabilised in 2024, while coal demand fell again by 11%.
  • Energy prices have decreased significantly from the record high in 2022-2023, but remain much higher than in 2019.
50 GW
annual solar capacity addition since 2023
-55%
GHG emissions reduction target by 2030
67%
of CO2-free power generation in 2024

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    The Energy Directorate of the European Commission (DG ENER) supervises the energy sector and implements the energy policy of the EU. The Directorate-General for Climate Action of the Commission (DG CLIMA) leads the EU efforts to fight climate change.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Oil:

    Crude oil and NGL production is limited and decreasing, reaching 19 Mt in 2024 (-45% since 2010); imports of crude oil represented over 90% of its consumption. In 2024, Russia accounted for 3% of imports (down from 25% in 2021), with the United States accounting for 14%, followed by Norway (11%), Kazakhstan (10%), and the Netherlands (intra-EU trade, 9%).

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Industry:

    The EU Ministers of Energy agreed in October 2022 on emergency measures to reduce energy prices from December 2022. To fund these subsidies, the Council agreed to cap the revenues of electricity generation at €180/MWh, for electricity produced from renewables, nuclear and lignite until the end of June 2023 (extended until the end of January 2025).

  • Graph 1: Primary Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source (Mtoe)
  • Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024, %)
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (GW)
  • Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024, %)
  • Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption (TWh)
  • Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2023, %)
  • Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
  • Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption (Mt)
  • Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption (Mt)
  • Graph 11: Gas Production & Consumption (bcm)
  • Graph 12: Coal Production & Consumption (Mt)
  • Graph 13: GHG Emissions and CO2-energy Emissions (MtCO2)
  • Graph 14: CO2-Emissions per Capita
  • Graph 15: CO2 Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 16: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source (Mtoe)
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption by Sector (Mtoe)
  • Graph 18: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024, %)
  • Graph 19: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
  • Graph 20: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source (Mtoe)
  • Graph 21: Energy Prices Including Taxes in Industry (EURc/kWh GCV)
  • Graph 22: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source (Mtoe)
  • Graph 23: Energy Prices Including Taxes in Transport (EUR/l)
  • Graph 24: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source (Mtoe)
  • Graph 25: Energy Prices Including Taxes in Residential (EURc/kWh GCV)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The European Union energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the European Union country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • European Union Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the European Union energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).