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European Union energy report

European Union energy report
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Format
2 files (PDF report, Excel file)
Pages
38 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • INSTITUTIONS AND ENERGY POLICY
  • ENERGY SUPPLY
  • ENERGY PRICES
  • ENERGY CONSUMPTION
  • DATA TABLES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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Overview

This analysis includes a comprehensive European Union energy market report and updated datasets. It is derived from the most recent key economic indicators, supply and demand factors, oil and gas pricing trends and major energy issues and developments surrounding the energy industry. The report provides a complete picture of the country situation, dynamics, current issues and future prospects. With market data and continuous follow-up of markets news, this report brings clear and concise insights with which to tackle national energy challenges and opportunities. Browse the tabs below for a detailed table of contents, the list of graphs and tables, and details on the data files.

Highlights

  • The share of renewables in final energy consumption should increase from 23% in 2022 to 42.5-45% in 2030.
  • GHG emissions in the ETS sectors should be cut by 62% by 2030.
  • All new passenger cars and light commercial vehicles should have zero-emission by 2035.
  • The EU commissioned a record level of renewable capacity in 2023 (63 GW).
  • CO2-free sources covered 69% of the power mix in 2023, 46% of which are renewables.
  • The share of Russia in fossil fuel imports dropped from 30% in 2021 to around 5% in 2023.
  • Petroleum product prices declined in 2023, and electricity and gas prices rose at a slower pace than in 2021 and 2022.
  • Oil and gas prices declined in 2024.
  • Total energy consumption declined for the second year in a row in 2023 (-4.6%).
  • Gas consumption declined by 8% in 2023 and coal demand by 23%.
64 GW
solar and wind capacity addition in 2023
-55%
GHG emissions reduction target by 2030
-23% decline in coal demand (2023)

  • Institutions & Energy Policy

    The Energy Directorate of the European Commission (DG ENER) supervises the energy sector and implements the energy policy of the EU. The Directorate-General for Climate Action of the Commission (DG CLIMA) leads the EU efforts to fight climate change.

  • Energy Supply

    Gas:

    Natural gas production has been divided by 3.6 since 2010 (-9%/year), falling by 15% in 2023 to 41 bcm, mostly due to the closure of the Groningen field in the Netherlands in October 2023 (-34% for Dutch gas production in 2023).

  • Energy Prices

    Electricity:

    Electricity prices have been rising rapidly since 2020, by 20%/year for industry, including +6.7% in 2023 to €21.2c/kWh, and by 10%/year for households to €29.1c/kWh. In 2024, they increased by 0.7%. Residential prices, which were twice as high as industrial prices in 2018, are now 37% higher (2024).

  • Energy Consumption

    Total energy consumption per capita is 2.8 toe (compared to 6.5 toe in the United States and 2.9 toe in China), including around 5 400 kWh of electricity (compared to 12 100 kWh in the United States and 5 900 kWh in China).

    Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

  • GRAPH 1: CO2-energy emissions (MtCO2)
  • GRAPH 2: electric capacity by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 3: Gross power production by source (TWh)
  • GRAPH 4: Power generation by source (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 5: Gasoline & diesel prices (€/l)
  • GRAPH 6: Electricity prices for industry and households (€c/kWh)
  • GRAPH 7: Gas prices for industry and households (€c/kWh GCV)
  • GRAPH 8: Consumption trends by energy source (Mtoe)
  • GRAPH 9: Total consumption market share by energy (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 10: Final consumption market share by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 11: Oil consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 12: Oil consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 13: Electricity consumption (TWh)
  • GRAPH 14: Electricity consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 15: Natural gas consumption (bcm)
  • GRAPH 16: Gas consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • GRAPH 17: Coal consumption (Mt)
  • GRAPH 18: Coal consumption breakdown by sector (2023, %)
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.
  • Infrastructure Projects: Covers power plant projects by energy, technology, status and operator.

The European Union energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the European Union country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • European Union Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the European Union energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).