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Ethiopia energy report

Ethiopia energy report
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Format
3 files (PDF report, 2 Excel files)
Pages
52 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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890 €

Overview

Ethiopia is advancing ambitious energy and climate policies, targeting a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2035 while postponing universal electrification to 2030. The nation prioritises hydropower expansion, renewable energy growth, and transport electrification, including a pioneering ban on petrol and diesel vehicle imports. Structural reforms aim to enhance grid access, efficiency, and regional energy trade.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • The country targets a reduction by 70% of GHG emissions in 2035 (compared to a BaU).
  • Total electrification of households has been postponed from 2025 to 2030, up from 55% in 2024.
  • The electricity sector is dominated by public companies, while the hydrocarbon sector is managed by foreign companies.
  • The power capacity has tripled since 2010, reaching 6.1 GW in 2024.
  • Power production is dominated by hydropower (97%).
  • Gasoline and diesel prices are regulated, and the government is seeking to cut subsidies.
  • Following three years of decline, household electricity prices increased by 5% in 2024 but remain among the lowest in the world.
  • The full commissioning of the large Grand Renaissance hydropower plant (5.15 GW) is delayed by negotiations with Egypt and Sudan and is expected in 2026. The hydropower capacity should double by 2030.
97%
share of hydro in the power mix (2024)
88%
of biomass in the energy mix (2024)
9%
annual electricity demand growth since 2015

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    The Ministry of Water and Energy (MoWE) is in charge of the development of energy policies, strategies, and programmes outside the oil sector.

    The Ministry of Mines and Petroleum (MoMP) supervises the mineral and petroleum policies and promotes the country's oil potential.

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    EEP ensures most of the electricity production in the country, with a capacity of 9.75 GW (February 2026, 94% of the total). There are 22 connected generation plants, mainly hydropower (16 plants for 9.2 GW) and wind farms (4 plants for 0.5 GW). In addition, EEP also has power plants using solid waste and geothermal sources (50 MW).

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Resources:

    The country's hydroelectric potential remains among the highest in Africa, with an economically exploitable potential estimated at 160 TWh per year, of which only a fraction is currently utilized despite the commissioning of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Residential:

    Electricity prices for households remain relatively stable over time in the country, evolving in a range between 1.3 and 1.6 USDc/kWh during the past 7 years. Those are among the lowest household power prices in the world (about 14 times lower than in Kenya).

    Graph: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)

  • Issues & Prospects

    Electricity:

    Ethiopia strives to become an African power hub. The 17 GW capacity target in 2020 set in the 25-year Power System Expansion Master Plan of 2016 was far from being reached, with only 6.1 GW in 2024. The National Power System Expansion Master Plan (2021) did not fix quantitative objectives.

    Graph: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source

  • Graph 1: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 2: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
  • Graph 3: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
  • Graph 5: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 6: Power Generation by Source (2024)
  • Graph 7: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 8: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 9: Emissions of GHG and CO2 from Fuel Combustion
  • Graph 10: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 11: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 12: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
  • Graph 13: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 14: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 15: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 16: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 18: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 19: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Ethiopia energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Ethiopia country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Ethiopia Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Ethiopia energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).