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Belgium energy report

Belgium energy report
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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
62 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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1 490 €

Overview

Belgium’s energy sector is decentralised, with federal and regional authorities sharing responsibility. The nation is expanding renewables and infrastructure to meet targets.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • The exit from nuclear power and the ban on new nuclear production were removed.
  • Engie dominates power generation with 64% of total production and is the largest gas company, with 40% of gas supply.
  • Energy consumption per capita is 43% higher than the EU average (2025).
  • Power generation has decreased by 6%/year since 2021.
  • In 2025, 67% of electricity was generated from carbon-free sources (+13 points since 2010).
  • Final consumption has decreased by 2%/year since 2021.
  • Oil dominates the final energy mix (49%).
  • Electricity and gas prices are 20% higher than the EU average.
  • Around 2.2 GW of wind projects and 2.6 GW of gas-fired projects are currently under development.
  • Fluxys will almost double the capacity of its Zeebrugge LNG import terminal.
25%
energy independence rate
+9.6 GW
of solar capacity since 2010
69%
share of carbon-free sources in the power mix (2025)

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    The institutional framework of the energy sector is based on the subsidiarity principle, i.e. the sharing of responsibilities between the federal authorities, the three provincial authorities (or regions) (Flanders, Wallonia and Brussels) and the local authorities.

  • Energy Companies

    Electricity:

    Engie Belgium (100% Engie) is the main electricity generator with a capacity of 8.3 GW including drawing rights (at end-2024). The company produced 30 TWh in 2025 (-17% compared to 2024), which represents 64% of national generation. It holds shares in all nuclear power reactors :90% in Tihange 3 and in Doel 4, and 100% in Doel 1&2.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Gas:

    Since 2000, all the gas consumed is imported (net imports amounted to 14.4 bcm in 2025. LNG imports are increasing rapidly and represented 58% of gas imports in 2025 (up from 20% in 2021). In 2024, Russian's share in imported LNG remained significant (around 60%). In 2025, the government implemented restriction on Russian LNG imports.

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Residential:

    Electricity prices for households increased by 6% in 2025 to EUR35.4c/kWh. In 2024 they fell by 18%, following a 40% spike in 2022.

  • Issues & Prospects

    Gas:

    In 2021, Fluxys LNG took the FID to expand the regasification capacity of the 6.7 Mt/year (9 bcm/year) Zeebrugge LNG import terminal. Phase 1 which added 4.7 Mt/year (6.35 bcm/year) of regasification was completed in early 2024. The second phase of 1.3 Mt/year (1.76 bcm/year) is was commissioned in early 2026.

  • Graph 1: Final Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2025)
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2025)
  • Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2025)
  • Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
  • Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
  • Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 11: Gas Production & Consumption
  • Graph 12: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 13: Emissions of GHG and CO2 from Fuel Combustion
  • Graph 14: CO2-Emissions per Capita
  • Graph 15: CO2 Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 16: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 18: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2025)
  • Graph 19: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
  • Graph 20: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 21: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 22: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 23: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 24: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 25: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 26: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Belgium energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Belgium country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Belgium Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Belgium energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Belgium country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.