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Türkiye energy report

Türkiye energy report
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Format
4 files (PDF report, 3 Excel files)
Pages
67 (Report only)
Delivery
Immediate by e-mail
Table of Contents
  • GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • ENERGY AND CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK
  • ENERGY COMPANIES
  • ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND
  • ENERGY USE AND PRICE BY SECTOR
  • ISSUES AND PROSPECTS
  • STATISTICS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • GLOSSARY

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1 490 €

Overview

Türkiye is advancing its energy transition with ambitious targets to reduce emissions and expand renewable capacity, aiming for 65% renewables in electricity by 2035. Key institutions oversee policy implementation, market regulation, and infrastructure development, while strategic investments in nuclear, gas, and transmission projects support long-term energy security and sustainability.

Get more details on the table of contents and data files, as well as the list of graphs and tables by browsing the tabs below.

Highlights

  • The country targets to cut its GHG emissions by 41% (below a BAU scenario) by 2030, and to reduce primary energy consumption by 16% (compared to 2023).
  • It aims to reach a share of 65% of renewables in its electricity capacity by 2035.
  • Private companies account for around 3/4 of the power capacity.
  • Electricity and gas distribution is in the hand of municipal companies.
  • The share of renewables in the power mix has increased by 18 points since 2010, reaching 46% in 2024 (of which 20% is wind and solar).
  • Final energy consumption increased by 4% in 2024, after two years of stability.
  • Gas is mostly used in buildings and oil in transport.
  • Four nuclear units are scheduled to be commissioned by 2028.
  • The solar and wind capacity is expected to quadruple to 120 GW in 2035.
-41%
GHG emissions reduction pledge for 2030 (from BAU)
+18pp
renewables' share in power mix since 2010
65%
share of renewables in power capacity in 2035

  • Energy & Climate Policy Framework

    MENR (Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources; ETKB in Turkish) is in charge of the energy sector and natural resources, and more specifically of implementation of energy policies.

  • Energy Companies

    Gas:

    TPAO produces around 0.3 bcm (2021), the majority of the country's small output.

    BOTAŞ is responsible for the natural gas supply and for managing the supply contracts, mainly with Russia and Algeria.

  • Energy Supply & Demand

    Oil:

    Türkiye covers only 16% of its total oil needs with a production of 6.5 Mt of crude oil (2024). However, its crude oil production has been growing by 8.4%/year since 2011, and by 21%/year over the last two years.

    In 2024, crude oil imports reached 30 Mt, up by 5.6%/year over the last 10 years. Crude oil exports are very low (0.7 Mt in 2024).

  • Energy Use and Price by Sector

    Energy Prices in Residential:

    In 2024, the gas price decreased to 1.88 €c/kWh for households (-8%), following the downward trend of 2023 (-12%). In 2022, residential prices increased by 25% to 2.31 €c/kWh. Household gas prices are less than a third of the EU average.

    Electricity prices decreased in 2024 to reach 5.1 €c/kWh, on a strong decrease since 2010 (-4.5%/year).

  • Issues & Prospects

    Gas:

    The country aims at becoming a gas hub linking European demand centres with Russia and the large producers of the Caspian Sea. It is also diversifying towards LNG to reduce its dependence on Russian gas.

  • Graph 1: Final Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 2: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 3: Total Consumption Market Share by Energy (2024)
  • Graph 4: Installed Electric Capacity by Source
  • Graph 5: Installed Electric Capacity by Source (2024)
  • Graph 6: Gross Power Production by Source & Consumption
  • Graph 7: Power Generation by Source (2024)
  • Graph 8: CO2 Intensity of Electricity Generation
  • Graph 9: Crude Oil Production & Consumption
  • Graph 10: Petroleum Products Production & Consumption
  • Graph 11: Gas Production & Consumption
  • Graph 12: Coal Production & Consumption
  • Graph 13: Emissions of GHG and CO₂ from Fuel Combustion
  • Graph 14: CO₂-Emissions per Capita
  • Graph 15: CO2 Intensity to GDP
  • Graph 16: Final Demand Trends by Energy Source
  • Graph 17: Final Consumption by Sector
  • Graph 18: Final Consumption Market Share by Sector (2024)
  • Graph 19: Share of Electricity in Total Final Energy Consumption
  • Graph 20: Final Consumption in Industry by Energy Source
  • Graph 21: Energy Prices in Industry (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 22: Final Consumption in Transport by Energy Source
  • Graph 23: Energy Prices in Transport (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 24: Final Consumption in Residential, Services, Agriculture by Energy Source
  • Graph 25: Energy Prices in Residential (Taxes Included)
  • Graph 26: Upcoming New Capacity by Energy Source
  • Economic Indicators: Annual historical data including population, GDP growth, imports and exports, inflation rate, energy security and efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions.
  • Supply Indicators: Historical data including oil and gas reserves, electric and refining capacity, energy production, power production and external trade. All are detailed by energy source.
  • Demand Indicators: Historical data including consumption per inhabitant, consumption trends, total consumption by energy source, final consumption by energy source and sector, and electricity consumption by sector.
  • Energy Balances: Single table displaying the overall energy industry balance per annum, also graphically displayed by energy sub-segment.

The Türkiye energy market data since 1990 and up to is included in the Excel file accompanying the Türkiye country report.
It showcases the historical evolution, allowing users to easily work with the data.

Key Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Economic indicators: Annual historical economic indicators, energy security, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions.
  • Supply indicators: Annual historical reserves, capacity, production and external trade (imports(+) exports(-) balance).
  • Demand indicators: Annual historical consumption per capita, consumption trends, total consumption, final consumption (per energy and per sector) and electricity consumption total and per sector.
  • Energy Balance: total and per energy.
  • Türkiye Energy Prices: In addition to the analysis provided on the report we also provided a data set which includes historical details on the Türkiye energy prices for the follow items: price of premium gasoline (taxes incl.), price of diesel (taxes incl.), price of electricity in industry (taxes incl.), price of electricity for households (taxes incl.), price of natural gas in industry (taxes incl.), prices of natural gas for households (taxes incl.), spot price of Brent and CO2 emissions (from fuel combustion).

The Türkiye country dashboards are complemented with country forecasts from EnerFuture (excel file) with scenario comparison.

Data included in the excelsheet:

  • Demand: Primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, by fuel, by sector.
  • Power: Electricity generation & capacities, by technology.
  • CO2: Total CO2 emissions.
  • Macro-economy: Main macro-economic assumptions.
  • Key indicators: Energy intensity, share of renewables, CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP.