France Energy Information

France Energy Research

- France's Energy & Climate Policy Framework: France targets 70% low-carbon energy by 2035, halving GHG emissions by 2030 vs 1990, with nuclear and renewables key to its climate strategy.

- France's Energy Companies: EDF and Engie dominate France’s energy sector, with EDF leading power generation (73%) and Engie in gas sales (35%). TotalEnergies also plays a significant role.

- France's Energy Supply & Demand: France’s energy mix is dominated by nuclear (44%) and carbon-free sources (93%), with stable consumption (~216 Mtoe). Nuclear capacity is 63 GW (38%), and electricity exports reached a record 94 TWh in 2025.

- France's Energy Use & Price by Sector: Final energy consumption in France has declined since 2021, with rising electricity prices for households and industry. Oil remains dominant, while electricity’s share grows. Industry and transport see varied trends in energy mix and prices.

- France's Issues & Prospects: France targets 109GW renewables by 2030, expanding nuclear & interconnections to cut fossil fuel use.

France Total Energy Production & Consumption

Total energy consumption has remained relatively stable since 2022, oscillating around 216 Mtoe. It had been declining by 1%/year over 2010-2021 and fell by 10% in 2022. Consumption per capita stood at 3.2 toe in 2025 and is around 15% above the EU average. Nuclear is the main energy source (44%, +2 pp compared to 2010), followed by oil (27%, - 2 pp), gas (13%, -4 pp), biomass (9%, + 3 pp), hydro (2%), wind (2%), coal (2%, - 3 pp), and solar (1%).

Graph: Primary Consumption Trends by Energy Source

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France Total Energy Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

France Oil Production & Consumption

France received crude oil from three ports: Donges (near Nantes), Le Havre and Marseille. Six additional import points of refined products are located in Bordeaux, Dunkerque, Frontignan, La Rochelle, Port La Nouvelle, and Strasbourg. Imports of crude oil have increased by 7%/year since 2020, to 46 Mt in 2025. In 2024, crude oil was mainly imported from the United States (23%), Kazakhstan (12%) and Nigeria (12%). The country stopped importing crude oil from Russia in 2023 (5% in 2022 and 9% in 2021).

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France Crude Oil Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

Interactive Chart France Refined Oil Products Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

France Natural Gas Production & Consumption

France stopped producing fossil natural gas in 2013. Biomethane production increased from 0.2 bcm in 2020 to 1.2 bcm in 2025, accounting for almost 4% of gas consumption.

Gas imports rebounded by 8% in 2025 to 45 bcm, after declining by 13%/year between a peak at 55 bcm in 2022 and 2024. The peak in 2022 is explained by reexports to countries that did not have LNG terminals. The share of LNG in gas imports rose significantly in 2022 (from 35% in 2021 to 58%) and has averaged around 60% since then (63% in 2025).

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France Gas Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

France Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

All the coal is imported (5.4 Mt in 2025) since coal production stopped in 2004. In 2024, Australia 48%), the US (20%) and Colombia (9%) were the main suppliers. The country stopped importing coal from Russia in 2023 (15% in 2022 and 30% in 2021).

=Since 2013, coal consumption has decreased by 9%/year to 6 Mt (-68% over 2013-2025), including -24% in 2023 as a result of the shutdown of virtually all French coal-fired power plants. Coal is mostly consumed in coking plants (76%).

Graph: Coal Production & Consumption

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France Coal and Lignite Production & Consumption

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

France Renewable in % Electricity Production

ADEME, Agency for Ecological Transition, is responsible for the implementation of public policy on energy efficiency and renewables. It is supervised by the Ministry of Research and the MEIT.

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data

France GHG emissions and CO₂ emissions

In its final NECP (2024), France targets a 50% cut in gross GHG emissions by 2030 relative to 1990 levels and carbon neutrality by 2050. This target was included in the draft National Low-Carbon Strategy, which also establishes goals to reduce France's carbon footprint by 71-79% by 2050 relative to 2010.

Source: France energy report

Interactive Chart France CO₂ emissions

Source: Global Energy & CO₂ data